hyperbole

hello guys for this time i will explain about hyporbole. so enjoy read my blog with drink 6 glass coffee :)

Hyperbole

Hyperbole, derived from a Greek word meaning “over-casting” is a figure of speech, which involves an exaggeration of ideas for the sake of emphasis.

An hyperbole is an exaggeration which may be used for emphasis and humor. Hyperboles are used in speaking and writing for effect or to make a boring story more interesting.

It is a device that we employ in our day-to-day speech. For instance, when you meet a friend after a long time, you say, “Ages have passed since I last saw you”. You may not have met him for three or four hours or a day, but the use of the word “ages” exaggerates this statement to add emphasis to your wait.  Therefore, a hyperbole is an unreal exaggeration to emphasize the real situation. Some other common Hyperbole examples are given below.

                                                Common Examples of Hyperbole

1. My grandmother is as old as the hills.
2. Your suitcase weighs a ton!
3. She is as heavy as an elephant!
4. I am dying of shame.
5. I am trying to solve a million issues these days. 

Hyperbole Examples for Children

• It was so cold I saw polar bears wearing jackets.
• I am so hungry I could eat a horse.
• I had a ton of chores to do.
• If I can’t get a Smartphone, I will die.
• She is as thin as a toothpick.
• This car goes faster than the speed of light.
• Our new house cost a bazillion dollars.
• We are poor and don’t have two cents to rub together.
• The car is as fast as greased lightning.
• He's got tons of video games.
• You could have knocked me over with a feather.
• Her brain is the size of a pea.
• Grandpa is older than dirt.
• My mom is going to kill me.
• Old Mr. Smith has been teaching here since the Stone Age.

It is important not to confuse hyperbole with simile and metaphor. It does make a comparison but unlike simile and metaphor, hyperbole has a humorous effect created by an overstatement.

Function of Hyperbole

The above arguments make clear the use of hyperbole. In our daily conversation, we use hyperbole to emphasize for an amusing effect. However, in literature it has very serious implications. By using hyperbole, a writer or a poet makes common human feelings remarkable and intense to such an extent that they do not remain ordinary. In literature, usage of hyperbole develops contrasts. When one thing is described with an over-statement and the other thing is presented normally, a striking contrast is developed. This technique is employed to catch the reader’s attention.

metonymy and synecdoche

Hello guys back again with my blog, so enjoy for read my material in blog thanks 

Metonymy

Definition of Metonymy

Metonymy is a figure of speech in which something is called by a new name that is related in meaning to the original thing or concept. For example, it’s common practice to refer to celebrity life and culture in the United States as “Hollywood,” as in “Hollywood is obsessed with this new diet.” The meaning of this statement is not that the place itself has any obsession, of course, but instead refers to the celebrities and wannabe celebrities who reside there.

Common Examples of Metonymy

As noted above, “Hollywood” can act as a metonym for celebrity culture. There are many other place names that act metonymically in the same way, such as “Wall Street” for the financial sector and “Washington” for the United States government. However, there are many more words in common usage that are metonyms. Here are more examples of metonymy:

• The big house—Refers to prison
• The pen—Can refer to prison or to the act of writing
• Stuffed shirts—People in positions of authority, especially in a business setting
• The crown—a royal person
• The Yankees/The Red Sox/The Cowboys, etc.—any team name is regularly used as a metonym for the players on the team. This is a less obvious metonym because often the team name is a group of people (the Cowboys, for instance), yet of course the football players who make up the Dallas Cowboys are not, in fact, cowboys.
• The New York Times/Morgan Stanley/Wells Fargo, etc.—any organization or company name is often used to stand in for the people who work there, such as “The New York Times stated that…” or “Wells Fargo has decided….”

Difference Between Metonymy and Synecdoche

Metonymy and synecdoche are very similar figures of speech, and some consider synecdoche to be a specific type of metonymy. Synecdoche occurs when the name of a part is used to refer to the whole, such as in “There are hungry mouths to feed.” The mouths stand in for the hungry people. The definition of metonymy is more expansive, including concepts that are merely associated in meaning and not necessarily parts of the original thing or concept.

Synecdoche: Parts and Wholes

Let's talk about synecdoche and metonymy, two very particular types of metaphorical expression in which one word is representative for another word or concept. But before we start, let me ask you: Have you ever checked out someone's wheels? Put on a Band-Aid after getting a cut? Cheered on New York during a football game? Even if you haven't, I bet you perfectly understand what each of those sentences mean: That when I say 'wheels' I mean 'car,' when I say 'Band-Aid' I mean an adhesive bandage and when I say 'New York,' I mean whichever team from New York happens to be playing.

These are all examples of synecdoche. In synecdoche, a part of something is used to refer to the whole entity, or a whole entity is used to refer to part of something. Some examples? This happens every time someone refers to 'Americans' when what they really mean is the citizens of the United States of America. 'Americans' is a synecdoche for the USA and does not include every member of the entire continents of North or South America (sorry, Canada!). Another synecdoche in everyday usage is when someone asks for your number. You know what they are really asking you for is your phone number and not just a collection of random digits. Here are a couple more examples:

• 'Hey man, nice threads.' Threads, here, refers to clothes (part of something referring to the whole).
• 'The stage was nearly set up, but the conductor didn't have enough space for the strings.' Here, 'strings' is synecdoche for a single unit: the 'string section.'

Synecdoche: Materials and Containers

Sometimes the material an item is made of can be used as synecdoche in place of the actual object. When a sword is referred to as 'steel,' for instance, this is synecdoche, since the entire sword is probably not made of steel. Moreover, the sword could be made of another metal altogether, but the historical connection between 'steel' and 'sword' is powerful enough to make it synecdoche nonetheless.

Likewise, if someone asks, 'Are you wearing Kevlar?' you might know from watching enough action movies that this is synecdoche for a bulletproof vest, while using 'plastic' at the grocery store means putting the bill on your credit card because credit cards are made of plastic. As with materials, containers can sometimes come to refer to the objects they contain - another form of synecdoche. As in, 'Nazie drank the cup,' which doesn't literally mean that Nazie swallowed a small cup, but rather that she drank the contents of the cup. Likewise, 'The bartender is giving away the bar,' means that he or she is giving out too many free drinks, which is the stuff the bar contains.

 References : 

http://study.com/academy/lesson/synecdoche-vs-metonymy-definitions-examples.html

http://www.literarydevices.com/metonymy/

collocations

Collocations
Hello guys back again to see my blog, for this time I will  tell you about colligation,
Enjoy for see my blog J
Definition:
A grouping of words based on the way they function in a syntactic structure--i.e., a syntactic pattern. Verb: colligate.
As linguist Ute Römer has observed, "What collocation is on a lexical level of analysis, colligation is on a syntactic level. The term does not refer to the repeated combination of concrete word forms but to the way in which word classes co-occur or keep habitual company in an utterance" (Progressives, Patterns, Pedagogy, see below).
 By me collocations is a combination of words that are commonly used together; the simplest way of describing collocations is to say that they ‘just sound right’ to native English speakers.
Collocations starting with the verb ‘do’
Do me a favour
Do the cooking
Do the housework
Do the shopping
Do the washing up
Do your best
Do your hair
Collocations with the verb ‘have’
Have a good time
Have a bath
Have a drink
Have a haircut
Have a holiday
Have a problem
Have a relationship
Have lunch
Have sympathy
Collocations with the verb ‘break’
Break the law
Break a leg
Break a promise
Break a record
Break someone's heart
Break the ice
Break the news to someone
Break the rules
Collocations with the verb ‘take’
Take a break
Take a chance
Take a look
Take a rest
Take a seat
Take a taxi
Take an exam
Take notes
Take someone's place
Collocations with the verb ‘make’
Make a difference
Make a mess
Make a mistake
Make a noise
Make an effort


Collocations with the verb ‘catch’
Catch the bus
Catch a ball
Catch a cold
Catch a thief


Collocations with the verb ‘pay’
Pay respect
Pay a fine
Pay attention
Collocations with the verb ‘keep’
Keep the change,Keep a promise
Keep a secret,Keep an appointment


Collocations with the verb ‘save’
Save yourself the trouble
Save electricity
Save energy


Collocations with the verb ‘go’
Go bald
Go abroad
Go astray
Go bad
Go bankrupt
Go blind
Go crazy
Go fishing
Go mad
Go missing

*Jadi guys, collocations ini gaya bahasa dalam pengaplikasiannya didalam kehidupan sehari hari kita yaitu bagaimana kita bisa mengambungkan kata kata atau gaya bahasa yang baik untuk  memperbanyak teman, menambah link pekerjaan dikehidupan kita dengan bahasa yang kita pelajari di collocations ini, Bagaimana cara menyesuaikan bahasa dengan keadaan yang dialami*

references : http://grammar.about.com/od/c/g/Colligation.htm
                  http://www.englishleap.com/vocabulary/collocations